Traditional Crafts of Maramures Maramures is a small
and unique location in the geographical heartland of Europe
that has carefully and preserved the culture, traditions and lifestyle of the
past. The region stands as a testament to traditional; to a romantic era of
simplicity, pride and moral values that many of us can only now read about or
hear from our grandparents.You will discover through the text our tradional
crafts,like wood carving,pottery , fabrics and traditional costumes and also
traditional jewelry and masks. As many of you probably noticed,
Maramures is the land of wood, so, there can not miss wood art and carving.
Those poeple who visited Romania had the chance to see the results of some skilled
hands, full of tallent , as well had the chance and the opportunity to carve
too.Maramures can be
proud with its creation in art wood, here you can find the oldest wooden church
from Europe(Wooden Curch from Ieud -1364),
the tallest wooden church in Europe (Peri Monastery from Sapanta : 78
m),the famous Merry Cemetery, but also old houses and traditional gates, they
are like an open air museum. Since immemorial
times, earth, water and fire came alive in the hands of the craftsmen from
Maramures. The clay has given birth to recipients of sheer and heathen beauty,
having different shapes, painted with natural colors and burnt in traditional
kilns. The ceramics from Sacel,witch is famous for its red, unglazed pottery,is
obtained through ancient, dacian techniques that date back more than 2000 years ago. The
oven uses wood fire so the colour of the clay is preserved. The clay used is
kaolin, a fine and dense clay taken from deep springs (10-15m) in Drobodeava
Hill, Săcel. The ornaments are simple and resemble natural elements (the flow
of water, the sun, the line of life, folkloric motifs) and they were also used in the Dacian ceramics. The
pots are made at the wheel, decorated, polished with a stone, laid out to
dry,then stored in boxes until a considerable number of them are made. Other
types of ceramics in Maramures are the enameled ones from Vama and Lăpuș, the
ceramics of neo-Byzantine influence from IzaValley
,Baia Mare and Baia Sprie. Thus, the potter's wheel from Maramures gave life
and freshness to the well water and taste to the food on the tables of these
region's houses. As
you know, the people from Maramures are very hardworkingandbravepeople, veryhospitableandcheerful.
Also the traditional costumefrom
Maramureshasmanysobernote, undeniablebeautyandoldandfortunatelykeptwellinfrontof the waveof modernism. Some of you had the opportunity
to see an old traditional room with dowry. You must know that every respectable household keeps a
guestroom sheltering the daughter’s dowry with all the clothes and linen she
may need for her new beginning,when she will get married.In this room you can
see :carpets,”covoare,cergi” and towels’ştergare,procute’ which are designed in intricate
geometrical patterns and contrasting colours and their border displays
anthropomorphous or human representations such as ‘ soldiers dancing’ and
‘horse and horseman’. Also the bed throws come in two, up to four different
colours and authentic textiles are painted in natural tones obtained form
plants and tree bark. About the traditional costume, those who
visited Romania,
Maramures first noticed that our traditional costumes are impressive through
beauty and simplicity. You will not see the same costume in every region
because each ethnographic region has a local specific when it comes to costume.
For instance, the costume of the Land of Lapus is much more elegant and sobre
than the one from the Historical Maramures.The women shirt,”cămaşa”has acolorfulflowerornaments, red, green, blue,
inalarge rangeofcombinations, with
sleeves ended in cuffs and flounces, ample skirts, covered by the two aprons
with horizontal stripes colored according to the social status and region demonstratingimaginationandinnatetalentof thewomenhanded down fromgenerationtogeneration.
During the winter time, the women are very lucky tu wear a jerkin, or a warmer
coat over the shirt called "pieptar” or ”cojoc” and it ismadefromsheeporlambskinwithfurinside, shortandtight, sleeveless, withabundantfloral..
The Sandals or "opinci” are madefromcalf leatheristannedby hand,
footandanklewrapsarewrappedinthickwoolsockscrochetedwhiteorwhitewoolwith differentgeometric patterns. Men'straditionalcostumeis muchsimplerthanthefemale.The same white shirt
(cămaşă)simplesewnwithembroideryonneckandsleeves.Pantscalled"gatii" are weared in summerandare wideandupabovethe ankles, theyareverycomfortablebeingwovenwhitecotton
cloth. Forwinterwear"cioarecii" ,they are
plainwhiteorgraywool, verywarm.This time,”pieptarul”or the jerkin isgorgeousembroidery, withmanyornaments, metaltargets, Ciucwool,
leather,furis
worninside. The
tradition of masks has its origins even
before Christianity, the specific ritual designed to make the transition from
one year to another. At first, those who wore masks were named devils, from the highest level,
Lucifer, to the last, Sarsaila.The old people from the villages ofMaramurestellthatonce,
people were disquised to scare the evil spirits.Therfore, the children and the
young people used to gather in bands with the masks on their face and the they
started to wander the entire village. N Ethnologistalso showthat, besides thetradition ofmasks, inMaramuresanimportant
place it’s took by the "old men dance”, whichseemstorise toceremonieswithmasksstoodvigilnights-ancestralritualto honorthedead.The masksaremadeby locals. In everyhouseisatleastone. "In communisttimes,
for example, maskswereapplied todifferentsignsofthatperiod. Manyof
thesemasksare manufacturedfrom scrapmaterial, sheepskin, withwalnutscoloredribbons". Traditional Jewelry gives color to
women's costumes. Young girls proudly wear "zgardane" around their
necks. These necklesses are made of small, multicoloured beads threaded onto
strings, using different motives, such as rhombus, flowers, S motif. In the village
of Sârbi, on CosauValley,
there are still two traditional hats makers: Vasile Borodi and Ioan Barlea
manufacture, out of straw and wood shavings, hats that make the folk costumes
complete. The hats are differently decorated, according to the occasion or
event: with colorful beads and flowers at weddings, simple and sobre at
funerals. We could talk about our tradition for
hours,but it it'simportanttosee it tobelieve what we said, that
is why we all wait for you to come and we will demonstratewhywe shouldnever give upontradition.
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